Top Robotics Projects for Beginners

Top Robotics Projects for Beginners. Robotics is one of the greatest technologies today for the design, operation, and applications of computer systems for control and information processing, and robots are employed in many industries. This technology also works with automated machinery and is quite beneficial in the production of goods. Robots make all aspects of production more easier. As a result, people are very interested in robotics and are using them in industrial units such as automated production, food production, farming, and so on.

In this post, we’ll go through the top seven robotic projects that any beginner and advanced students should try building:

Details of Top Robotics Projects

Line Follower – 1^st Top Robotics Projects

One of the first robotics projects that students pick is the Line Follower Robot. The Line Follower Robot is a robot that follows a line in a specified direction. On a light (white) coloured surface, this line is generally a black line of a certain width, or a white line on a black surface. Line follower robots are employed in a variety of sectors, including manufacturing, distribution, and logistics. To create this, you’ll need the following electrical components:

• Microcontrollers: These are utilised to operate the entire robot and act as the robot’s CPU. We use Arduino for this microcontroller. There are a lot of Arduinos on the market. We may utilise the Arduino Nano for this project because it is the most simple.
• IR Sensors Module: An infrared (IR) sensor is an electrical device that detects infrared radiation. For this project, the line detecting sensor is an IR Sensor Module. Each module has an IR LED, as well as a photodiode, LED, and other components. We’ll need 4 to 6 sets of IR sensor modules in this case.
• The motor driver IC is utilised to drive the robot’s motors. It gets data from Arduino, which the Arduino then passes on based on the IR Sensors. The IC we utilised here is the L293D. The operating voltage range for this driver IC is 4.5 to 36 volts. There are two voltage pins: one is used to circulate voltage for the L293D’s operation, while the other is used to circulate voltage to the motors.
• DC Motors: These are used to turn the wheels. We’ll require DC motors that can run between 5 and 36 volts, depending on the robots’ capability. We must select a motor based on its RPM. RPMs are typically between 100 and 150 rpm.
• Chassis: This component is utilised to construct the robot’s body. It can be built of wood, plastic, aluminium, or other materials, depending on the robot’s construction quality. It also has to be constructed with precise measurements and other components.
• Connecting Wires: These are the wires that link the circuit to the components.
• The motor driver IC and the Arduino are both powered by this supply. The motor driver requires 6 to 12 volts of power, whereas Arduino only 5 volts.
• The circuits and connections between the Arduino, Motor driver, and IR modules must be built on a bread board. It depends on the necessity; if someone can construct a circuit board using a PCB board, it is not required.
• Switches are used to turn the power supply on and off.
• Laptop or desktop computers are used to run the Arduino IDE and upload code to the Arduino Board.

Select and Place the Robot – 2^nd Top Robotics Projects

This robot is one of the technologies used in a variety of sectors, mostly manufacturing, to execute pick and place activities, which involves picking up an object and placing it in a certain position. It is intended to remove human error and interference in order to get more exact results. In comparison to people, they are quicker, more precise, and can complete tasks in seconds. Additionally, it improves the safety of the working environment and never gets weary. They are employed in a variety of applications, including bottle filling, the packaging sector, and the detection and destruction of explosives, among others. To create this, you’ll need the following electrical components:

• The robot’s chassis is the main body on which the robot is built. This section includes a cylinder or sphere, as well as joints and connections.
• Gripping Arm: This is the body of the rover that is attached to the rover’s final joint and is used to grab items. It has the appearance of a human arm.
• DC Motors: The same as before. They are the robot’s controllers. Its purpose is to rotate the wheels. We must select a motor based on its RPM. The RPM is usually between 100 and 150 rpm. And, as before, we utilise the L293D Motor Driver to operate the motors.
• IR Sensors and Touch Sensors: They are used to sense both the internal and exterior states of the robot to ensure that it runs smoothly. Sensors include touch sensors for detecting things and infrared sensors for detecting barriers.
• Controller: This device is used to regulate the motors based on sensor feedback, allowing it to control the motion of each joint and the arm’s movement.
• And several of the common components used in earlier projects, such as cables, switches, breadboards, laptops or desktops, power supplies, and so on, are the same for all of them.

Intelligent Cleaning Robot – 3^rd Top Robotics Projects

This robot cleans the floor or any flat surface with a brush or cleaning cloth attached. It may also have a vacuum system that collects dust and stores it in a container. The robot may be operated via a smartphone or wirelessly, as well as switches. This robot is utilised in large manufacturing businesses to clean their whole facility, and it is also employed in homes nowadays. To create this, you’ll need the following electrical components:

• Chassis: The robot’s body, which is made up of numerous components like as a brush, wheels, and circuitry.
• Microcontrollers 8051: It is utilised to control the entire robot and serves as the robot’s CPU. We use Arduino for this microcontroller.
• Small Motors: These motors are used to clear the dust; the brushes are hooked to the motors, and when the motors revolve, the brushes rotate as well, cleaning the floor. We utilise two motors for modest projects, but additional motors may be required for larger projects. If we employ a vacuum system, we’ll need another component, namely a water pump motor.
• DC Motors: The same as before. They are the robot’s controllers. It is used to control the robot’s movement. We must select a motor based on its RPM. The RPM is usually between 100 and 150 rpm.
• And, as before, we utilise the L293D Motor Driver to operate the motors.
• Sensors such as infrared, ultrasonic, and LDR are used to sense the condition of the environment and ensure that the robot runs smoothly. Sensors include an LDR and IR sensor for detecting obstructions, as well as an ultrasonic sensor for cleaning.
• Sensor feedback is utilised to drive the motors via the controller. We have the ability to operate the robot wirelessly as well as automatically.
• And some of the same components used in earlier projects, such as cables, switches, breadboards, laptops or desktops, power supplies, and so on, are utilised in all of them.

Robot That Avoids Obstacles – 4^th Top Robotics Projects

The main difference between this robot and a line follower robot is that the line follower robot moves by following a line, whereas this robot travels by avoiding obstacles. This robot is the first step in creating a self-driving automobile. It may be utilised in a variety of settings, including home tasks such as automated vacuum cleaning and hazardous areas where human entry might be lethal. To create this, you’ll need the following electrical components:

• Chassis: The robot’s body, which includes circuitry, wheels, Arduino, sensors, and other components.
• The ultrasonic sensor is utilised to control the robot’s mobility. A sonic wave is released by an ultrasonic sensor, which is reflected by any objects and then received by another sensor (works like a microphone). Following receipt, the microcontroller issues an instruction to move in a different direction. The robot operates in this manner. For improved precision, we can combine the ultrasonic sensor with infrared and proximity sensors.
• Microcontrollers based on the 8051 architecture: It is used to control and operate the entire robot. It receives data from the sensor and sends commands to the motors, allowing the robot to move. This microcontroller is powered by Arduino.
• The remainder of the components, such as motors, cables, switches, breadboard, laptop or desktop, power supply, and so on, is the same as in prior projects.

Robot That Plays Soccer – 5^th Top Robotics Projects

This robots project is really exciting. This is similar to a previously specified robot in certain ways. This robot is a cross between a line follower and an obstacle avoider. In several robotics contests, this robot is utilised to play football. We’ll need the same component as before, but this time it’ll be different.

• Chassis: In this scenario, a solid hard chassis is necessary since the robots would clash with other robots throughout the competitions, necessitating the usage of a good chassis.
• Wheels: Two pieces of high-quality wheels, as well as a caster wheel for unrestricted movement in all directions.
• DC motors: For optimal performance, two full-power DC motors are required. Motors with a speed of 150 to 200 rpm, for example, are sufficient at 12 volts. Also included is a tiny motor for pressing the ball in various directions.
• Motor Driver IC L293D: This IC is used to drive the motors.
• Catchers: These are the players that are in charge of catching the ball. It can be constructed of plastic, but it is preferable to use high-quality materials. It’s also available on the market.
• The remainder of the components, such as cables, switches, breadboards, laptops or desktops, power supplies, and so on, are the same as in prior projects.

Robotic Gesture Control – 6^th Top Robotics Projects

This robot is controlled by hand gestures. The moving hand is in charge of this robot. With a few exceptions, this robot is identical to previously described robots. This robot contains two circuits: one for the transmitter and another for the reception. This robot can assist consumers in stores and hotels, and it can even be utilised in homes as a contactless delivery system. Let’s have a look at the parts that went into making this.

• Microcontrollers (8051): These are used to operate the entire robot. They receive data from sensors and provide commands to the motors, allowing the robot to move. For this microcontroller, we utilise Arduino.
• The key components utilised here are an accelerometer and a gyroscope sensor. The sensor module converts the hand movements into electrical impulses; in this case, we utilise the MPU6050 sensor module, which has a 3-axis accelerometer and a 3-axis Gyroscope.
• The signals from the MPU6050 sensor module are received by this transmitter, which operates at 433 MHz. A radio frequency transmitter is a PCB that transmits radio waves and modulates them into data.
• Chassis: The robot’s body, which may be built of any material such as plastic, metal, or wood.
• Wheels: Two pieces of high-quality wheels, as well as a caster wheel for unrestricted movement in all directions.
• DC motors: Two average-performing DC motors. Motors of 9 to 12 volts and 100 to 150 rpm are sufficient. Using the Arduino, these motors travel in a different direction.
• Motor Driver IC L293D: This IC is used to drive the motors.
• The remainder of the components, such as cables, switches, breadboards, laptops or desktops, power supplies, and so on, are the same as in prior projects.

More: In 2021, Top Six Project Management Certifications

Quadcopter or Drone – 7^th Top Robotics Projects

Finally, we can build a drone using only a few simple components. Because it costs a lot of money to build a great drone. This is a filing item that can be operated using an Arduino and a remote or a mobile device. Drones are extremely helpful robots in a variety of fields, including the military, product delivery, food delivery, and photography. Let’s have a look at the parts that go into making a drone.

• Drone Body: This is the drone’s primary body, which can be constructed of very light plastic or wood. Furthermore, it is readily available on the market. It must be lightweight; else, the drone’s overall weight will increase.
• Motors: In this scenario, the propellers are rotated by motors. It generates push in the opposite direction in order to propel the drone upward. The number of propellers and the number of motors must be equal.
• Propellers are constructed of plastic or any metal, such as aluminium, and may be purchased from any electrical goods store.
• A speed controller is an electrical device that regulates the motor’s speed. It also serves as a dynamic braking system. This speed controller aids the operator (who pilots the drone) in determining the drone’s height.
• Signal Transmitter: This is a transmitter that sends commands from the remote controller to the drone. There is a certain frequency for directing the drone in specific activities, such as moving left-right, speeding up-down the propellers, and so on. Drones require at least four propellers to function properly, thus the signal must be sent across four separate frequency channels.
• Camera Sensor: For the low-budget project, the camera is an optional component. It can, however, be fitted. It is used to take pictures or videos from the sky.
• Protectors: This is the shield that protects the propellers and the drone body in the event of an accident.
• The remainder of the components, such as cables, switches, breadboards, laptops or desktops, power supplies, and so on, is the same as in prior projects.

So there you have it, some project ideas that you can simply make at home!!